Analyze

In response to multiple concerns about water quality expressed by residents, EJCAN launched a water quality testing initiative with university-based collaborators from UNC Chapel Hill and Appalachian State University. Threats to water include but are not limited to industrialized agriculture. Industrialized hog feces contain pathogens, heavy metals, and antibiotic-resistant bacteria that growers store in large, open pit lagoons (Grant 1999; Wing et al. 2008; Blanchette 2019; Christenson et al. 2022). When operators spray the waste onto nearby fields, they also release air and waterborne contaminants. Scholars have linked airborne emissions from industrial hog operations to respiratory dysfunction, mood disorders, compromised immune function, anemia, kidney disease, tuberculosis, and low birth weight (Wing et al. 2000; Kravchenko et al. 2018; Guidry et al. 2018). Moreover, the odor is noxious, causing nausea, embarrassment, disorientation, and social loss in cultural continuity as people cease culturally meaningful practices like gardening, going for walks, or gathering outside to share food (Herring 2014; Blanchette 2019). The impacts to water include contamination, harmful algal blooms, fish kills, and eutrophication in rivers and estuaries, especially when hurricanes flood the inner coastal plains with industrialized animal waste (Wing et al. 2000; Wing et al. 2008; NCCN 2021; Emanuel 2018; Christenson et al. 2022). Access to water infrastructure in Sampson County is highly uneven, and residents have been advocating for improved access for more than a decade. 

The aim of the program is to provide training and education in order to build and sustain nuclear programs as well as to respond to disaster. The prgoram offers hands on workshops in a variety of scopes. This is accomplished through the IEC the emergency and incident centre that provides programs for anyone who could be exposed to radition- medical personel, first responders, radiological assessors, etc.

There was no direct event that lead to the formation of this program, however, the prgram was created in response to the need for safety in nuclear science. The international Atomic Energy Agency  saw the need for continuing education and training and created if after a meeting in 2003.

The program is located worldwide in many countries such as Eastern Europe, Italy and the US, to name a few. The resources are also located online and can be purchased and taught to individuals depending on the needd- for example general citizens or first responders (trained persons or the general population).

The program is funded by the IAEA

The program is structured differently, depending on what procedures/ programs are needed. Some publications are general, while others are more specific in terms of the requirements of that said person.

The program is targeted to a variety of individuals both lay people and those that are trained in power plants, medically, socially, etc.

The program does not offer specific licenses but provides knowlege and know how so those in all aspects of life can be trained. The given PDFs could also be used in conjunction to training provided by the IAEA.

The program is regarded postively by the public. If education and training was no longer needed, it would no longer be provided. The systems are also updated as needed- this knowledge provides a positive lookout on continuing education for others who wish to be emergency nuclear response trained

This program aims to aid the member states in preparing, testing, and improving emergency response for nuclear emergencies and radiological accidents.