Analyze

By Scott G. Knowles: As part of the STL Anthropocene Field Campus the research team visited the Wood Refinery Refinery History Museum on March 9, 2019. This museum is located on the grounds of the Wood River Refinery, a Shell Oil refinery built in 1917 and today owned by Phillips 66. The site is Roxana, Illinois, just upriver from Granite City, and just over two miles from the convergence of the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers. Sitting on the actual grounds of the refinery, the museum is an invitation to think across the micro, meso, and macro scales of the Quotidian Anthropocene, in terms of geography and also in terms of time. This refinery was built at the crux of the WWI, at a time when United States petrochemical production was entering an intensive phase of production, invention, corporate structuring, and global engagement. The museum is an invitation to think across temporal scales, backwards to the start of the refinery--through the individual lives of the workers and engineers whose lives defined the refinery--and forward to indeterminate points of future memory. This photo captures a key moment in an informal interview we did with one of the history guides. He had worked in the museum for decades before retiring. He explained to us that the museum sits in the former research facility of the refinery--and the glass plat he is showing reveals a beautiful artifact, a photograph made of the complex when it was built. Our guide only showed us this collection of slides after our conversation had advanced, perhaps after he was sure we were truly interested in his story, and the deeper history of the refinery. The pride in the place, the community of workers, and the teaching ability of the museum was manifest. The research team felt impressed, but also concerned about the health impacts (and naturally the environmental impacts as well) of the refinery. There was a mismatch in the scales--the memory of the individual tied to emotions of pride and knowledge of hard work done there--and the Anthropocene, global scale of petrochemicals. How do we resolve this mismatch? The glass plate is somehow a clue.

Nanjala Nyabola, a Kenyan journalist and author tweeted: 'There were two anti-police brutality protests in Nairobi today. The one featuring white people made it's way to the US embassy undisturbed. The one led by working class and poor folks ended in teargas and arbitrary arrests.'

On March 25, 2020 the Kenyan government imposed a curfew to limit movement in Nairobi to prevent the spreading of COVID-19. In the ensuing months, the police 'enforced' the curfew by killing as many people as COVID-19 in Nairobi. The police have had a long and bloody history in Nairobi. Missing Voices Kenya have documented the shocking number of people who have lots their lives to police brutality over the years. Although groups in poor neighbourhoods such as Mathare have long held protests against police violence, the recent murder of George Floyd in the US has lent momentum to this movement. Thus, these groups took to the street to walk to the apartment where Yasin Moyo, a 13 year old playing on his balcony was killed by police, to demand that Black lives mattered- everywhere. The protests ended in the police tear gassing protestors.

A separate group comprising of many white protestors marched to the US Embassy to protest extrajudicial killings in the US and Kenya. From reports I have been reading about the protests on Twitter, these groups were left unharmed by the police. It is thus important that we recognize the the situatedness of protests agains police violence in different parts of the world, and the specific histories and contexts that shape each one of them, while recognizing their common themes.

Ebola Response Anthropology Platform is anthropologists from all over the world to providing advice by email, calls and web-based dialogues by those working for NGOs, government and international agencies. The platform help to engage with socio-cultural and political dimensions of the Ebola outbreak and build locally-appropriate interventions. There are some resistances of local culture and external health system to control the Ebola outbreak. 

Individual who care about the Ebola, organisations, and government might use the website platform. It could be doctors, academic, emergency staff, governmental agents and so on. 

The Ebola Response Anthropology Platform is funded by a grant which is from Research for Health in Humanitarian Crises (R2HC) Programme. It is overseeing, executed and managed by the Wellcome Trust and DFIF. As well as the platform is collaborate with other Ebola response anthropology initiatives, within Emergency Ebola Anthropology Network and francophone SHS Ebola Network. 

The platform offer many functions to audiences. The platform offer different ways to help organisations to solve propblem, such as email, calling and website-based dialogues. They will give suggestions by following the actual case. This website platform offer a space for people to put more news and opnions for helping Ebola outbreak. There are lots of case and papers can be read on website, comments and opinion can be posted, and also ask a rapid response question. There are also six sub-heading are sorted as Identifying and Diagnosing Cases, Management of the Dead, Caring for Sick, Clinical Trials/Research, Preparedness and Communication and Engagement. There are also tag on each resources to help reading. On the left side, there are five symbols can easily link to Facebook, Twitter, Printing, email or share in other ways. In addition, there is a column on the right side showing the latest resource, opinion and news. 

The platform is designed with several areas and different elements to offer audience a good visualized. It is within text, photos and symbols. Text are applied different fonts, colours, and size, which created a visualized information to audience. 

User can see six areas included Briefings and Guides, Background and Field Notes. When click into one of these sub-headings, you can see there are some case or news. Each title is obviously and the beginning of the papers, and user can see more information about it when click ‘Continue reading’. There are also tag under each case, and folders that the case sorted into. When click into the paper for more information, user also can download it as PDF. Besides, user can leave their information and comments under the reading.  In addition, there are also latest, opinion, news and tag could be read on the right side area. 

Different areas and sub-headings are linked to a new page, and show more information.  Resources are sorted to subtitle and tag. All the subtitle are work as a system, and linked together. 

The website platform is collaborate with other Ebola response anthropology initiatives in US, Europe and West Africa. As well as, the Emergency Ebola Anthropology Network and the francophone SHS Ebola Network.  These networks support to uploading papers and resources onto the Platform. Besides, the Royal Anthropological Institute is their non-academic partner.