Analyze

Empirical points

margauxf
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“Under a 1986 federal law titled the Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA), hospitals are required to treat people who come to the ED presenting with an emergency medical condition, defined as a condition that, without treatment, will likely lead to serious impairment or death. … EMTALA is one of the largest federal mandates to provide services to have gone unfunded (Friedman 2011); costs instead fall on states and local health care systems.” 481

Quotes

margauxf
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“In bringing ethnographic attention to hot spotting as a technique of governance, we find that it provides lifesaving humanitarian interventions while operating within the racialized structures of violence that produce continual life crises. The institutional rationality of hotspotting and the encounters of care that it produces illustrate the often-contradictory role of medicine in the lives of poor people: both caring and coercive, it intertwines care and violence.” 475; “we conclude by suggesting that economic investment and return are becoming a reigning logic in the governance of poverty, generating hot spots as sites of interest for both policing and health care and decentering normative assessments of deviance, illness, and social problems” 476; “Neoliberal social assistance, as it is practiced in the health care safety net, is conceptualized as an “investment “in the population, as a strategic and targeted deployment of basic resources, one that promises to generate a return on investment for the state or health system in the form of cost savings.“ 485

 

Summary

margauxf
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 The authors examine the practice of “hot spotting,” a form of surveillance and intervention through which health care systems in the US intensively direct health and social services towards high-cost patients.  Health care hot spotting is seen as a way to improve population health while also reducing financial expenditures on healthcare for impoverished people. The authors argue that argue that ultimately hot spotting targets zones of racialized urban poverty—the same neighborhoods and individuals that have long been targeted by the police. These practices produce “a convergence of caring and punitive strategies of governance” (474). The boundaries between the spaces of healthcare and policing have shifted as a “financialized logic of governance has come to dominate both health and criminal justice” (474).

pece_annotation_1480794929

Sara_Nesheiwat
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The purpose of this study is to look at the effect of social and economic factors, status and health comunication behaviors on people's knowledge about the flu pandemic and prevention efforts. In the past it has been reflected in studies that people in different social groups have a far different access to information form each other about health and specific threats of diseases, which in effect may alter their behavior and knowledge on the topic. This study looks to see if these inequalities lead to a compromised  adversity in these vulnerable populations when it comes to responses to the flu outbreak. 

pece_annotation_1480822733

Sara_Nesheiwat
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This article was published in Public Health Reports, this is the official journal of the US public Health Service and Surgeon General of the United States. Topics and issues of public health law, public health practice and research as well as schools and teaching are published in this journal. Overall, this journal is highly regarded. It is peer reviewed and publishes original work. Being the official journal of US departments reflects its validity. 

pece_annotation_1480823167

Sara_Nesheiwat
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The methods utilized in this paper are not necessarily new or inventive, yet this doesn't detract from its effectiveness. The data used for this study was collected from surveys of 1,569 people and the data was then analyzed using statistical methods of logistic regression.

pece_annotation_1480823587

Sara_Nesheiwat
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This paper has been cited and discussed in 7 different articles according to Google Scholar. Many of the papers it has been cited in have to do with the effects of social media on opinions of opioid use, gun violence, vaccination rates and more. The papers all have to do with public perception and education on certain topics, very similar to this study.

pece_annotation_1480823973

Sara_Nesheiwat
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Professionals can use this data to better equip themselves with the knowledge of weaknesses of the masses, in terms of what they know or don't know and what they perceive about the Influenza epidemic. Professionals can better identify where most people receive their data from and where they are most likely to get their information from. This will allow professionals to better identify vulnerable groups and better prepare those areas and groups, sculpting educational programs and informational/educational forums and outlets to them, with the hopes of increasing public health efforts.

pece_annotation_1480830691

Sara_Nesheiwat
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In response to

Through the use of surveying, this study identified that there are in fact inequalities in people's understanding of proper responses to pandemic influenza outbreaks. This study helped identify these vulnerable groups, and that social media and forms of mass media are the main ways to reach these groups. To address this vulnerable population, the public needs an increased accessibility to information, overall increasing the public's level of knowledge about the pandemic.