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Paul E Farmer, Bruce Nizeye, Sara Stulac, Salmaan Keshavjee are listed as the authors of this paper. They work with the health workers  in suffering countries, like Haiti. Farmer is a co-founder of Partners in Health, as well as a physician and anthropologist. Stulac is an MD, MPH, specializing in pediatrics, and is also associated with PIH. Keshavjee is an MD, PhD, professor at Harvard of Global Health and Social Medicine. They are all professionals in the field of medicine, and through the PIH, they are well acquainted with responding to global health issues.

They researched a lot into tuberculosis/HIV and the social issues that were discussed. Articles on asthma were also reviewed and used, despite asthma not being directly discussed, as well as lead poisoning. This could indicate that more diseases are affected by social issues than discussed in the article, or maybe those diseases didn't show any correlation.

Data for this article was gathered through studies conducted with the PIH in the United States, Haiti, and Africa as well as researching other publications.

The “PIH Model of Care,” research in Rwanda, and work in Haiti were followed up on

This article is more based on the response to disease spread, rather than response to a single emergency event.

“Yet risk has never been determined solely by individual behavior: susceptibility to infection and poor outcomes is aggravated by social factors such as poverty, gender inequality, and racism”

“we have transplanted and adapted the “PIH model” of care, which was designed in rural Haiti to prevent the embodiment of poverty and social inequalities as excess mortality due to AIDS, TB, malaria, and other diseases of poverty”

“Physicians can rightly note that structural interventions are “not our job.” Yet, since structural interventions might arguably have a greater impact on disease control than do conventional clinical interventions, we would do well to pay heed to them.”

The “PIH Model of Care,” research in Rwanda, and work in Haiti were followed up on

" For decades, those who study the determinants of disease have known that social or structural forces account for most epidemic disease. But truisms such as “poverty is the root cause of tuberculosis” have not led us very far. While we do not yet have a curative prescription for poverty, we do know how to cure TB."

"The debate about whether to focus on proximal versus distal interventions, or similar debates about how best to use scarce resources, is as old as medicine itself. But there is little compelling evidence that we must make such either/or choices: distal and proximal interventions are complementary, not competing"

" By insisting that our services be delivered equitably, even physicians who work on the distal interventions characteristic of clinical medicine have much to contribute to reducing the toll of structural violence"

AIDS care was studied in the united states and it was found that social factors were more predicting than individual factors about whether or not an individual would contract the disease

This was also studied in Rwanda using a model designed in Haiti using the “PIH model of care” to study social inequalities and prevent the effects of poverty that lead to death by AIDS, TB, malaria.

Structural interventions were also incorporated into clinical medicine as it was argued that social interventions, while not traditionally part of a physician's duties, have more of an impact that clinical interventions

Most of the references are from articles published by PubMed/NCBI in reference to structural violence indicating a possible affiliation with the NIH and other authors researching structural violence.