The main findings presented in the article is that finding accurate data on violence to healthcare workers is difficult, there are many types of violence and the incidents may not be reported due to fear the participants in the event may have chose not to report them. Violence can also be defined in many different ways creating discrepancies in reporting.
emergency response in war zones
attacks on healthcare workers due to ebola
polio and healthcare workers, attacks and violence
"For example, workshop participants suggested that in some causes armed groups may feel they needed to kidnap a doctor in order to recieve care; or perhaps soliders at a chekcpoint are concerned that an ambulance may contain explosives and obstruct deliever of health services in order to prevent bombing"
"Although violence directly affecting health service delievery in complex security enviornments has recieved a great deal of media attention, theres very little publically avaliable research, particularly peer reviewed, original research"
"Because rporting often focuses on the most serious attacks, such as kidnapping and fatalities, workshop participants stressed that incidents precieved to be less severe such as threats and obstructions are less likely to be underreported"
The report's bibliography indicates thorough research. The sources listed are credible and valid indicating validity and accuracy to the conclusions drawn in the article.
The main author Fughammer has areas of expertise in economics, politcal science and global health, he is a research fellow at Stockholm international peace institute. The other authors listed have expertise in healthcare and come from various research instituions. A variety of knowledge indicates a variety of perspectives on the subject.
Emergency response is duscussed in this article as one of the routes that provide healthcare to different groups of people/organizations. Violence can happen to them too- as an incident at checkpoints as mentioned in the article.
The tools used to produce the data in this research article was direct accounts from those who have experienced violence in delievering health services, outside brainstorming from a research panal to discover how/why violence has occured or why it was not reported. Also interpretation from data that was put out by the WHO, MSF or other health organizations.
Three ways the argument is supported is through interviews by those experiencing violence, accoutns from human rights (health) organizations, and statistics from the WHO.