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Vulnerability and resilience in this artifact are defined by the high concentration of child poverty in Essex County. They are measured using the Census from 2000 and 2015 which show how there is a trend in the percentage of children who expereince poverty within the county. Majority of the children living in poverty are currently living in heavilyu concentrated poverty neighborhoods like Newark, Irvington, and the Oranges. Although the affluent town of Milburn is nearby, it is unclear how these children continue to live below the poverty line in Newark even though the towns are only 6 miles apart. 

The EPA has been working to raise funds to launch this ambitious cleanup project. The EPA has also began looking for solutions to cleanup the polluted waterways in the Hudson River.

The Department of Criminal Justice played a large part in indicting a contractor for illegally abandoning medical waste. If not for their investigation, this issue would not have been resolved.

There was no precatuions taken regarding the waste in the Passaic River. Many of the locals knew it for its murky waters after years of industrial toxin buildup.

For hurricane Irene, city and state governments had shelters built and prepared for the event, but the best solution was for complete evacuation, as the storm was predicted to be too strong. The precautions did not work fully because there were some casualties and injuries

The hazard in this artifact is in relation to the polluted water system throughout urban New Jersey areas. The Passaic Valley Sewerage Commission and the D.E.P are working together to create new infrastructure upgrades to the local sewer systems. This long term plan will help limit the amount of toxic waste that runs off into the drinking water for surrounding urban communities. 

In this case, the source of resillience would be the federal authorities as they were the ones that launched the investigation to acquire the knowledge to discover and pass judgement on the guilty party.