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Anonymous (not verified)
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Lee argues that EJ practice has long stagnated over an inability to properly define the concept of disproportionate (environmental and public health) impacts, but that national conversations on system racism and the development of EJ mapping tools have improved his outlook on the potential for better application of the concept of disproportionate impact. Lee identifies mapping tools (e.g. CalEnviroScreen) as a pathway for empirically based and analytically rigorous articulation and analysis of disproportionate impacts that are linked to systemic racism. In describing the scope and nature of application of mapping tools, Baker highlights the concept of cumulative impacts (the concentration of multiple environmental, public health, and social stressors), the importance of public participation (e.g. Hoffman’s community science model), the role of redlining in creating disproportionate vulnerabilities, and the importance of integrating research into decision making processes. Baker ultimately argues that mapping tools offer a promising opportunity for integrating research into policy decision making as part of a second generation of EJ practice. Key areas that Lee identifies as important to the continued development of more effective EJ practice include: identifying good models for quantitative studies and analysis, assembling a spectrum of different integrative approaches (to fit different contexts), connecting EJ research to policy implications, and being attentive to historical contexts and processes that produce/reproduce structural inequities.

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Anonymous (not verified)
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A variety of sources were used to make this article, as seen in the bibliography. The authors referenced many US government documents, news and research articles, recovery programs, research on other disasters, and various other works. This shows that the authors were not narrow-minded in their research, they looked for many points of view and other evidence for the article.

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Alexi Martin
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In response to

The methods and data used to produce the claim, include historical accounts of what happened of Chernobyl, as well as direct quotes and data from field studies conducted in the towns surrounding Chernobyl in Ukarine. The study is also supported through numbers and figures that disect the economy and sicoer the negative impact the disaster had on Ukraine's economy- it created a need for disability to survive.

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Alexi Martin
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In response to

The methods and data used to produce the findings is a random collection of narratives from vairous genders, ages, adn walks of life. The only thing they all have in common is a history of seizure disorders. The string that ties them all together allows the author to analyze how a narrative of illness can affect a diagnosis or a familial realtionship

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Alexi Martin
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"Pioneers of modern public health during the 19th century, such as Fudolf Vichaw, understood that epidemic dieases and dismal life expentencies were tightly linked to social conditions."

"The results registered a few years later were dramatic:racial, gender, injection-drug use and socioeconmic dispute in outcomes largely disappeared within the study population."

"The idea of structure violence is linked very closely to social injustice and the monarcy of opressions."

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Alexi Martin
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“World health is indivisible [and] we cannot satisfy our most parochial needs with attending to the health conditions of the whole globe”

“Viral pathogenicity is a property of not a virus in hibernation, but of an interaction between the virus and the “host” that is human beings.”

“Who should lead the fight against disease? Who should pay for it? And what are the best strategies and tactics to adopt?”