Search

"These initiatives build on a growing perception among diverse actors — life scientists and public health officials, policymakers and security analysts — that new biological threats challenge existing ways of understanding and managing collective health and security. From the vantage point of such actors, the global scale of these threats crosses and confounds the boundaries of existing regulatory jurisdictions. Moreover, their pathogenicity and mutability pushes the limits of current technical capacities to detect and treat disease."

"However, the ideal of dual use faces many difficulties, in part because public health professionals often do not agree with security experts about which problems deserve attention, and how interventions should be implemented. Such disagreements point to broader tensions provoked by the current intersection of public health and national security. Public health officials and national security experts promoting preparedness strategies have very different ways of evaluating threats and responses. As a result, programs that depend on coordination between these groups may often founder."

"The report defines emerging disease as one among a number of new threats to security that 'do not stem from the actions of clearly defined individual states but from diffuse issues that transcend sovereign borders and bear directly on the effects of increasing globalization that challenge extant frameworks for thinking about national and international security.' Proposed responses to this new 'global threat' have come from various kinds of organizations, with diverse agendas."

This policy applies to any persons who are considered refugees. Because this was after the Second World War, it was at first limited to people fleeing within Europe. Since then, its scope has widened and applies to people fleeing persecution and can be used today with respect to the current refugee problem. 

OSHA is a part of the United States Department of Labor and is overseen by the Secretary of Labor. The chief administrator of OSHA is the Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health, who is supported by a Chief of Staff and several Senior Advisors. The Assistant Secretary oversees two Deputy Assistant Secretaries who supervises various directors and administrators. The full organization chart can be found on the OSHA website.

1. I looked into the currently immigration and visa laws in France and found that when it comes to people seeking asylum, French law recognizes rights to asylum or political refugee status for a foreign-born person. They also use the rules of the Geneva Convention to come to this conclusion.
2. I looked at a comparison of Obamacare and the French health system. One aspect of the French healthcare system that would be relevant to currently public health issues in the US (ie, epipen costs) is the presence of an organization called the CNAMTS that monitor spending for services across the country. This organization can reduce the price of a drug or service (if it recognizes that the spending for it is too high) in order to make it more accessible.
3. I researched how France is dealing with the Syrian refugee crisis. Despite terrorist attacks that have occurred in France due to members of the Syria-and-Iraq-based terror group ISIL, the French president promised to take in 30,000 refugees by 2017.

• "Until the early 1990s, illness was used as grounds for seeking a residence permit in only exceptional cases. Ten years later, the health criterion had become one of the primary grounds for legalization, and one that was increasing most rapidly."
• “The compassion protocol is thus a procedure of the last resort that derives from a form of sympathy evoked in the face of suffering. It demands the right to keep alive individuals who have nothing except their mere existence."
• “Sometimes the foreigner, too, is no more than his body, but this body is no longer the same: useless to the political economy, it now finds its place in a new moral economy that values suffering over labor and compassion more than rights.”

The Bedford-Stuyvesant Volunteer Ambulance Corps is a non-profit organization that is certified by the State of New York as a Basic Life Support ambulance and emergency medical service provider. The BSVAC provides EMS service to the Bedford-Stuyvesant area of Brooklyn in New York City, NY.