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The author is Cynthia E. Lamy, she is a developmental and National Institute for Early Education Research educational psychologist and research fellow at Rutgers University.
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The main argument in this artical is children poverty in newark has increased by 19 percent in the last 15 years. In newark over 40% of chlidren live in poverty.
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Some vulnerabilities blacks in Newark face are health issues like blood lead poisoning because they cannot afford to solve the issue.
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This study was conducted by using testing data from 4th-grade students from North Carolina, and comparing if they matched high blood lead levels. This method was conducted in seven counties through normal statistical methods.
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Air pollution is a huge issue nowadays, and it has a side effect on people's health as well. Air pollution divided into different type of pollution (Climate Change, Toxic Pollutants, Protecting the Stratospheric Ozone Layer, etc). Each one of this hase a negative effects on public health. First Climate Change, it is expected to lead to more intense hurricanes and storms, heavier and more frequent flooding, increased drought and that lead to death or injuries. Second Toxic Pollutants, it basically causes cancer, "EPA’s most recent national assessment of inhalation risks from air toxics12 estimated that the whole nation experiences lifetime cancer risks above ten in a million, and that almost 14 million people in more than 60 urban locations have lifetime cancer risks greater than 100 in a million." (EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency, para 41).
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In order to allow jobs for Newark locals, a report from the New Jersey Institute for Social Justice called "Bridging the Two Americas: Employment and Economic Opportunity in Newark and Beyond" addresses the solutions for this problem. They call for more monitoring and enforcement of local hiring requirements under the first source ordinance.
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SNAP and WIC are two organizations helping low-income families. 30,000 Newark children are receiving SNAP benefits, and 12% of Newark residents are eligible for WIC. SNAP is the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program and WIC is the Supplemental Nutrition Program Women, Infants, and Children. Both organizations provide nutritious food to low-income families to prevent food insecurity.
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This bar graph shows that blacks have the lowest median household income out of all races. This means that they are at most risk of hazards, they are most affected by poverty, with Hispanics being the second most affected.
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This study is published the Environmental Health Perspectives. The journal helps explain the continuity between human health and the environment. They publish topics like toxicology, epidemiology, exposure science, and risk assessment. The publication is ranked highly among professionals and has a rating of 8.44.
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One of the main vulnerabilities that affect the community, is time and money. As the individuals have to wait for a long time, the report estimates that approximately 810,680 gallons of fuel is burned and wasted. This is a paramount issue with the rising cost of gas everyday. As many say, time is money. This relates to those stuck in these jams because these jams, along with large amounts of gas also wastes a lot of time. Motorists spend about 1.5 million hours annually sitting in traffic annually. In addition, $38 are wasted in those 1.5 million hours.