EiJ Concept: Median Income
This essay explains the concept of "median income" and provides resources for teaching it in various contexts.
This essay explains the concept of "median income" and provides resources for teaching it in various contexts.
CITIZEN SCIENCE
Epistemic negotiation
Stakeholders (indigenous groups, activist, scientist, scholars, etc)
She used field data she researched from visits to Ukraine over the course of a few years, conducted interviews and observing the socio-political situations within the commmunity.
Sonja D Schmid. She is an assistant professer in Science and Technology Studies at Virginia Tech. She studies the history of nuclear energy and the decisions governments make around nuclear power. Due to her background of studies, she appears to be a trustable source.
She has discussed responses to nuclear disasters, however she has no on the field background that I could find. She is on a CERT team but thats not in the field.
“During our interviews in Turkey, many of the conversations we had - with those suffering seizures, with family members, persons in the community, and health care providers - were made up largely of stories. We were told stories of the sudden and shocking onset of seizures or fainting, of particularly dramatic episodes of seizures or extended loss of consciousness, of years of efforts in which families and individuals engaged in a quest to find a cure, of especially memorable interactions with physicians and with religious healers, and of experiences at work, with friends, and, for example, in marriage negotiations that were influenced by the illness.”
“The same issue was raised in our attempts to elicit a "history" of the illness _ again, a problem shared by physicians who attempt to elicit a clinical history. The stories we heard were life stories, and the temporal structure was organized around events of importance to individuals and families.”
“Narrative is a form in which experience is represented and recounted, in which events are presented as having a meaningful and coherent order, in which activities and events are described along with the experiences associated with them and the significance that lends them their sense for the persons involved. But experience always far exceeds its description or narrativization.”
Dr. John Watson, the primary author of this study, works for WHO as a medical epidemiologist with the Disease Control in Humanitarian Emergencies Program (this program is the one providing technical and operational support for the study). In his work, he particularly studies respiratory disease and tuberculosis, focusing on surveillance, prevention and control. He is a Chairman of the International Society for Influenza.
Articles such as Transnational humanitarianism
And in the book Gender, Development and Disasters
To deliver medicinial aid wherever aid is needed throughout the world, especially where human suffering is greatest.
To quote their website:
"We are Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF). We help people worldwide where the need is greatest, delivering emergency medical aid to people affected by conflict, epidemics, disasters, or exclusion from health care."
The bibliography heavily references articles discussing humanitarian aid, suggesting the priorities of the authors towards that field. It also includes many articles about health services in developing countries and the mistreatment of health workers, which is what they are struggling to research.
Disaster response and epidemic response is addressed but on-the-field EMS isn't mentioned. This article focuses more on policies and organization than specifics.