I am currently in the process of transitioning my M.A. level course on Science, Technology, and Development with 11 students to virtual instruction. One of my interests in engaging with COVID-19 is to examine how it (should) informs development ideologies and practices. How should students of development studies retool -- conceptually, methodologically, practically -- in wake of the pandemic?
The sources of resilience come when the economy improves. This graph shows that the poverty rate had increased from 2008-2009 because of the recession the country went through.
Some vulnerabilities affecting Essex county include households an influx of headed by one parent, births by unmarried women, and weak family economic security.
Lamy uses quotes, specific policies and programs, and statistics involving child development. She discusses how SNAP, WIC, Housing First, EITC, and other programs and policies can be supported in housing, food, health, and jobs.
This article shows that the NJ Turnpike Authority responded to this infrastructural hazard when the Newark Bay Extension Bridge (between Newark and Bayonne which links all points west of Jersey City and Bayonne to the Holland Tunnel), showed serious structural deficiencies.
Newark school's reported that their almost half of buildings have lead in their water. This is creating immense vulnerability in Essex County, and the issue in Newark dates back to about four years ago. This problem also stems from the history of lead-based paint, which was outlawed in 1978, but still can be found in many homes, and poisons children.
Professionals can use this data to place an emphasis on the need to solve blood lead issues in children. This study concluded that a higher proportion of black students had higher blood lead levels; professionals can use this information to decrease the experience gap by working on solving blood lead issues.
Many precautions that were taken to reduce blood lead poisoning in New Jersey over the years. In 1978, lead paint was banned in America, and in 1996 New Jersey required children to be screened for blood lead levels. However, Chris Christie vetoed legislation to remove lead paint from old housing in 2016.
The main argument of the article is about how child poverty is induced by several factors. She discusses the risks of child poverty to child development, some of these factors are parental stress, mental and physical illness, child hunger, and low expectations. Lamy addresses how families can overcome poverty struggle.
This artifact represents a form of a precaution against the hazard of flooding and other natural disasters. This is a map showing the evcacuation routes for residents of Essex County.