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This article has not been references extensively, it appears to have been used in further research done by the author but I could not find other articles that referenced this one.

The article has primarily been referenced in later works by Paul E. Farmer who has written several other papers and articles on both the medical state of Haiti and Rwanda as well as structural violence in many capacities. The article was initially published in 2006 and has since been published in journals, books, as well as open online collections for use by the sts community.

As previously mentioned in question two, there is a lot of features that Clod9 offered to specific group of users. With these features and functions, the users can connect together.

ž   Patients: Conveniently take and learn from self-assessments; Easily talk to providers via live video; Track daily emotional and mental states; Save time and money

ž   Providers: Extend patient reach and service area; Gain insights from mobile patient generated data; Cut practice overhead costs; Add new revenues via newly reimbursable CPT codes

ž   Organizations: Create patient and provider efficiencies; Easily integrate as much or little as needed; Leverage new administrative analytics; Lower costs / new revenue / new CPT codes

• “incorporating gender-based violence both reveals and furthers the undoing of humanitarianism as we know it, both in its attempts to keep the political on the outside, and in the popular belief that humanitarianism can do the work of politics without its messiness – it is a symptom of its end, or perhaps in a more positive sense, it opens up a space to re-imagine both the humanitarian and the political.”
• “It seems that humanitarianism, as universalism, both erases and depends on difference; on the one hand, it manages difference, declawing it so that it doesn’t tear apart the humanitarian kit, made to fit and rehabilitate everyone into a basic bare-bones humanity.”
• “gender-based violence makes it clear that the suffering body – while purportedly universal – requires certain political, historical and cultural attributes to render it visible and worthy of care.”

The article primarily discuss the motivations behind emergency response, and how that effects the actions taken by emergency response organizations. The authors claim that emergency response is motivated primarily by nationalism or self-preservation due to the global threat posed by epidemics and other health crisis. The idea of an emergency modality is presented, where rapid response to emerging issues is used as a preventative measure to avoid the spread of a crisis across national borders. The authors claim that emergency modality is the usual protocol for global health organizations due to the funds and resources available after an emergency due to public attention that are difficult to obtain for long term health problems.

This policy is a basic guideline for the first responders to gain awareness and take action to relevant environmental contamination incidents.

The apps do not translate the data into information, in most cases they simply receive and store data which can be forwarded to the police under certain circumstances.

Scott Gabriel Knowles is an expert in disaster and risk, he has written several papers and books on the cause of disasters and the risks found in the modern industrial era. He currently works as a professor at Drexel university and is a member of the Fukushima Forum collaborative research community.

This policy protects EMS and firefighters, a group not often considered a vulnerable population but often has to go into situations in which they are vulnerable to attack on very little information. The ability to defend themselves, although the policy specifically states that this is not an effort to stop sending police to medical and fire calls, can reduce the risk of responding to calls in areas that are known to be dangerous.