The Red Spot
The 2008 financial crisis was one of the biggest shifts of wealth away from the Black community.
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The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) are two agencies that many low-income families are enrolled in. WIC provides nutritious food for pregnant, breastfeeding and postpartum women, infants and children up to the age of five; it is specifically available for household up to 185 percent of the federal poverty lines. SNAP provides low-income families with nutritious food.
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Nearly half of Newark's school's are contaminated with dangerous levels of lead. Or so they were two years ago when this article was published. This relates to infrastructure because we are poisoning poor, primarily black and hispanic communities, whom already have low resilience. Because they live in empowerished neighborhouds, their children go to lower income schools, and when they drink the water provided there, they put themselves at risk of cancer, infertillity, and other results of lead poisoning. If Newark's infrastructure was more balanced between white and black communities, there would not be impoverished areas that have poisonous drinking water at schools, as the water standard in the schools would have been raised to that of higher income communities.
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This study determines if childhood blood lead levels correlate with educational achievement. They studied this through standardized test scores.
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The sources of resilience come when the economy improves. This graph shows that the poverty rate had increased from 2008-2009 because of the recession the country went through.
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Some vulnerabilities affecting Essex county include households an influx of headed by one parent, births by unmarried women, and weak family economic security.
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The incredible amount of awful potholes in Newark called for this report. This report lists all of the streets and the dates that they will be paved in Newark, and it is one fat list. Newark roads are awful. Bad roads=poor infrastructure= weak resilience. If there is a disaster, someone who lives in a poor area may hit a pothole and be completely stranded and die, as a result of the poor infrastructure of our roads in Newark. I once hit a pothole in Newark and the bang from my wheel hitting the edge of the hole was loud and drastic enough for me to worry about a flat tire. I didn't get a flat, fortunately, but my tire frame was bent.
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Lamy uses quotes, specific policies and programs, and statistics involving child development. She discusses how SNAP, WIC, Housing First, EITC, and other programs and policies can be supported in housing, food, health, and jobs.
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sydne.nanceNewark school's reported that their almost half of buildings have lead in their water. This is creating immense vulnerability in Essex County, and the issue in Newark dates back to about four years ago. This problem also stems from the history of lead-based paint, which was outlawed in 1978, but still can be found in many homes, and poisons children.
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Professionals can use this data to place an emphasis on the need to solve blood lead issues in children. This study concluded that a higher proportion of black students had higher blood lead levels; professionals can use this information to decrease the experience gap by working on solving blood lead issues.