This report outlines specified services and payment rates for these services to be performed by community paramedics. The contents of this report are the result of extensive research and consultation with a workgroup conveined by the DHS consisting of representatives of emergency medical service providers, physicians, public health nurses, community health workers, and local public health agencies.
1. “A series of factors – demographic changes, economic development, global travel and commerce, and conflict – ‘have heightened the risk of disease outbreaks,’ ranging from emerging infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS and drug resistant tuberculosis to food borne pathogens and bioterrorist attacks.”
2. “Although there is a great sense of urgency to address contemporary biosecurity problems— and while impressive resources have been mobilized to do so — there is no consensus about how to conceptualize these threats, nor about what the most appropriate measures are to deal with them.”
3. “There is no such thing as being “too secure.” Living with risk, by contrast, acknowledges a more complex calculus. It requires new forms of political and ethical reasoning that take into account questions that are often only implicit in discussions of biosecurity interventions.”
“A sixmonth examination by The Times found that the rescuers' ability to save themselves and others was hobbled by technical difficulties, a history of tribal feuding and management lapses that have been part of the emergency response culture in New York City and other regions for years.”
''It's a disgrace,'' he said. ''The police are talking to each other. It's a nobrainer: Get us what they're using. We send people to the moon, and you mean to tell me a firefighter can't talk to a guy two floors above him?''
The authors, Vicanne Adams, Taslim Van Hattum, and Diana English work at the University of California San Francisco in the department of anthropology, history, and social medicine. The department’s research includes aspects of global health, social theory, critical medical anthropology, and disaster recovery.
Emily Goldman is an epidemiologist at NYU College of Global Public Health. She has an extensive background in public health. Sandro Galea is an epidemiologist and physician from Columbia University. He also serves on the NYC councils of Hygene and Public Health
I looked further into Canada's health system, the Indian Act, and indigenous population centers in canada.
"Front Line" emergency response is not directly discussed in this article, however long term public health response in a broader sense is referenced extensively, and how the new dependant populations were dealt with was one of the major points of analisys of this article.
This policy applies internationally, to 119 states who were subject to it after the entry to force date. 69 states signed the convention at the IAEA special meeting in 1986.
No bibliography for this article was provided or readily available on the internet. Based on the article and Dr. Good's works, it is likely that much of the information for the article was drawn from new research.
Some additional points to research to forward understanding of emergency response would be:
-Structural Violance
-Societal factors influencing public health
-nationalized health insurance.