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Main argument
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Lee argues that EJ practice has long stagnated over an inability to properly define the concept of disproportionate (environmental and public health) impacts, but that national conversations on system racism and the development of EJ mapping tools have improved his outlook on the potential for better application of the concept of disproportionate impact. Lee identifies mapping tools (e.g. CalEnviroScreen) as a pathway for empirically based and analytically rigorous articulation and analysis of disproportionate impacts that are linked to systemic racism.
In describing the scope and nature of application of mapping tools, Baker highlights the concept of cumulative impacts (the concentration of multiple environmental, public health, and social stressors), the importance of public participation (e.g. Hoffman’s community science model), the role of redlining in creating disproportionate vulnerabilities, and the importance of integrating research into decision making processes.
Baker ultimately argues that mapping tools offer a promising opportunity for integrating research into policy decision making as part of a second generation of EJ practice. Key areas that Lee identifies as important to the continued development of more effective EJ practice include: identifying good models for quantitative studies and analysis, assembling a spectrum of different integrative approaches (to fit different contexts), connecting EJ research to policy implications, and being attentive to historical contexts and processes that produce/reproduce structural inequities.
Deficiency of Shelter Beds for LA’s Homeless
The number of homeless people far exceeds the number of shelter beds in Los Angeles County. This greatly differs from other major cities within the US.
Ethnosketch, Peopling a Project: CA Homeless
Peopling a project with LA Homelessness/Shelter Beds
Ethnosketch, Competing Hegemonies: CA Homeless
Competing Hegemonies with LA Homeless/Shelter Beds
Ethnosketch, Mapping Subject Positions: CA Homeless
Mapping subject positions with LA Homelessness/Shelter beds
Core Categories in LA Homeless/Shelter Beds