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Anonymous (not verified)
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Lee argues that EJ practice has long stagnated over an inability to properly define the concept of disproportionate (environmental and public health) impacts, but that national conversations on system racism and the development of EJ mapping tools have improved his outlook on the potential for better application of the concept of disproportionate impact. Lee identifies mapping tools (e.g. CalEnviroScreen) as a pathway for empirically based and analytically rigorous articulation and analysis of disproportionate impacts that are linked to systemic racism. In describing the scope and nature of application of mapping tools, Baker highlights the concept of cumulative impacts (the concentration of multiple environmental, public health, and social stressors), the importance of public participation (e.g. Hoffman’s community science model), the role of redlining in creating disproportionate vulnerabilities, and the importance of integrating research into decision making processes. Baker ultimately argues that mapping tools offer a promising opportunity for integrating research into policy decision making as part of a second generation of EJ practice. Key areas that Lee identifies as important to the continued development of more effective EJ practice include: identifying good models for quantitative studies and analysis, assembling a spectrum of different integrative approaches (to fit different contexts), connecting EJ research to policy implications, and being attentive to historical contexts and processes that produce/reproduce structural inequities.

The Red Spot

The 2008 financial crisis was one of the biggest shifts of wealth away from the Black community.

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tamar.rogoszinski
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  1. "The sufferers and their administrators were also supported by the nonsuffering citizens, who paid a 12 percent tax on their salaries to support compensations"
  2. "Today, approximately 8.9 percent of Ukraine is considered contaminated."
  3. "When I returned in 2000 to Kyiv to conduct further research, I discovered that cur- rent democratic politicians, many of whom drafted the original compensation laws as sovereignty-minded nationalists, now saw the Cherobyl compensation system as a dire mistake that has "accidentally" reproduced a socialist-like population."
  4. "Specific cases illustrate how these economic and state processes, combined with the technical dynamics already described, have laid the groundwork for such "counter- politics."29 Citizens have come to depend on obtainable technologies and legal proce- dures to gain political recognition and admission to some form of welfare inclusion."

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tamar.rogoszinski
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Dr. Good primarily used case studies and interviews to help shape the argument and show how narratives of illness are shaped by many aspects of a person's life, specifically their culture. He also used statistics and other research to analyze these interviews and create a stronger understanding. 

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tamar.rogoszinski
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The authors are Paul E Farmer, Bruce Nizeye, Sara Stulac, and Salmaan Keshavjee. All of whom work for Partners in Health. Paul Farmer, the primary author, is a physician and an anthropologist who has deeply investigated human rights and health. He also works with low-income neighborhoods and cities within the US as well as abroad. 

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tamar.rogoszinski
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This article states that, "transgender and gender non-conforming people frequently experience discrimination when accessing health care, from disrespect and harassment to violence and outright denial of service," which has caused this report to be written. The main issues are that transgender and gender non-conforming people are discriminated against when it comes to finding housing, health and partnership benefits, or jobs. Policy makers and the media dismiss these people and don't focus or care about them. As a result, the National Center for Transgender Equality and the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force formed a ground-breaking research partnership to address this problem.

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tamar.rogoszinski
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They talk a lot about triaging patients, which is a vital part of working in an ER.They don't give many legitimate information abotu fixing the current problems in waiting rooms, but they do suggest havig more staff and beds to give patients somewhere to be and someone to help them.