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Volunteers for the Red Cross can be certified in CPR, AED, CNA, First Aide, EMT, or life guarding.  

The article focuses more on public health than emergency response. 

Because of the large amount of reliable data this system collects in regards to the post 9/11 health affects, it is sited by many other websites and research papers. 

The authors, Vicanne Adams, Taslim Van Hattum, and Diana English work at the University of California San Francisco in the department of anthropology, history, and social medicine. The department’s research includes aspects of global health, social theory, critical medical anthropology, and disaster recovery.

In addition to this article I looked further into the Chirnoble disaster, the IAEA policies, and where there are nuclear plants in the United States. 

This policy was drafted by Congress as part of the Consolidated Omnibus Reconciliation Act and passed in 1986 to address Medicare related issues. 

“we have seen that it is possible to decrease the extent to which social inequalities become embodied as health disparities”

“National health insurance and other social safety nets, including those that guarantee primary education, food security, and clean water, are important because they promise rights, rather than commodities, to citizens.”

“: structural violence remains a high­ranking cause of premature death and disability”

The authors made use of interviews and conclusions from various research workshops to produce the claims in this article.

The authors used reports and statistics from international health organizations such as WHO. They also gathered information from think tanks like RAND. Additionally, to support the claims made in this article the authors looked at how biological outbreaks and threats were dealt with in the past, specifically World War II and the wars with Iran.